Cladogram

This shows that birds evolved from pterosaurs and not from dinosaurs. This is the only cladistic analysis that has ever been done that scores pterosaur, dinosaur and birds scored on the same characters. 

 

https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhBVkFTVbNScJKSP9_UjFrEOxmCT8v41e8zTswKYFGR35ZGI5jbsO2I9mfj__057__K0G66aim7DK13mfaP3yF7hkyxD9AACRt8T8kZFHubEKyWVzFyPwDCEUQ8cW4A8xf-9Nq2n5xETjAN5mioDt4bgWxbDj58LHs7BH7Plsl3cEvsl3cx5k4ujEoHHA

1. Xread
   19 36
   Outgroup 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   Tupandactylus 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Sordes_pilosus 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Yanliao_anurognathid 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Jeholopterus_ningchengensis 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   
   Tianyulong_confuciusi 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   Kulindadromeus_zabaikalicus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   Psittacosaurus_sp. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   Sciurumimus_albersodoefri 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   Dilong_paradoxus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   Yutyrannus_huali 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   Sinocalliopteryx_gigas 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   Juravenator_starkii 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   Sinosauropteryx_prima 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   
   Ornithomimus_edmontonicus 0 1 0 0 ? ? ? 1 1 ? 1 1 0 ? ? ? ? ? ?
   
   Shuvuuia_deserti 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   Beipiaosaurus_inexpectus 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
   
   Similicaudipteryx_yixianensis 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
   Protarchaeopteryx_robusta 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
   Caudipteryx_dongi 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
   Caudipteryx_zoui 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
   Pedopenna_daohugouensis 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? ? 1 1 1 1 1 1 ?
   
   Epidexipteryx_hui 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ? 0 1 1 1 1 1 ? 1
   Scansoriopteryx_heilmanni 1 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 ? ? 1
   
   Eosinopteryx_brevipenna 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Velociraptor_mongoliensis 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Sinornithosaurus_millenii 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Microraptor_gui 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Microraptor_zhaoianus 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Jinfengopteryx_elegans 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Aurornis_xui 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Anchiornis_huxleyi 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Archaeopteryx_lithographica 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Xiaotingia_zhengi 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Confuciusornis_sanctus 0 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
   Rahonavis_ostromi 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
2. 
   
   

   Web wing membrane
   Feather type
   Long IV finger
   Short tail
   Cup-like acetabulum
   Fingers
   Air sacs
   Hollow bones
   Semi-lunate carpal
   Warm blooded
   Supra acetabular crest
   Anti trochanter
   Aspiration pump
   Patagium
   Propatagium
   Glenoid orientation
   Scapula orientation
   Glenoid support
   Flying/flightless